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Introduction
Animals as well as plants play a significant role in human life. They have vital medicinal, ecological, agricultural, commercial and recreational importance. For instance, those suffering from heart ailments will die within 72 hours of a heart attack if not provided with digitalis, a drug obtained from the purple bluefox. Also the right balance between humans, plants and animals lead to a healthy ecosystem. Wildlife in India significantly contributes to the growth of regional economies. Hence, the importance of conserving endangered species is immense.
Causes of Endangerment
The primary cause of endangerment is the destruction of natural habitat. With continuing ecological changes, habitats also undergo regular alterations.
The release of greenhouse gases brings about changes in the global climate and has resulted in the loss of microbes in the soil which in turn has made the tropical forests subject to destruction and the extinction of many wildlife and aquatic animals.
A survey says that India has lost 26,000 square kilometers of dense forest and 7,000 square kilometers of scrub due to shifting cultivation, encroachment and felling.
Human activity has heavily affected the individual species and habitats. The unwanted interaction between native animals and interlopers, primarily initiated by humans, result in harmful consequences.
Overexploitation of animals by humans is another important cause of endangerment. Unlimited whaling resulted in the extinction of a number of species of whales.
However, the universal cause of endangerment will remain till humans make an effort to protect the natural environments where the animals dwell.
India has several wildlife sanctuaries and national parks most of which were established in an attempt to conserve the endangered animals. In the wildlife reserves, the threatened animals of India are protected from animals, natural hazards and other causes of endangerment.
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